1. Little and Big Round Top from the Valley of Death Then & Now

• From this angle, it is easy to see why many soldiers called Little Round Top, ‘the mountain’. With its steep incline and rocky ground, one can only imagine how daunting it would be to try and ascend the slopes while under fire. On July 2, the Union army would gain the upper hand with their claim on this valuable piece of geography.

140th New York Infantry Regiment Monument

16th Michigan Infantry Regiment Monument

1st Massachusetts Battery Monument

• This artillery, along with the other cannons and monuments located throughout the cemetery, not only mark the specific locations of US artillery and infantry during the fighting, but also reflect the importance of Cemetery Hill during all three days of the battle. This high, open hill dominated the surrounding countryside in 1863. By posting artillery here, the US Army could control a large part of the battlefield.

1st New Jersey Cavalry Monument

• Discovering no sign of Stuart, the 1st New Jersey Cavalry moved forward around 2 pm from the Lott House to this position to investigate Rummel’s Woods. Within moments, dismounted Confederates from Brig. Gen. Albert Jenkins’ Virginia Brigade appeared from behind the Rummel house and barn, formed a line and opened fire. The US troops held their ground and repelled the Confederates.

20th Maine Infantry Regiment Monument

20th Massachusetts Monument

44th New York Infantry Monument

5th United States Artillery, Battery D (Hazlett's Battery) Monument

69th Pennsylvania Monument

• This monument to the 69th Pennsylvania, dedicated in 1887, is unique in that it is the only regimental monument on the field to include markers for each of the ten companies in the regiment. The company markers are connected to each other by a chain to symbolize that the 69th’s line bent, but did not break, during Pickett’s Charge.

72nd Pennsylvania Monument

• During Pickett’s Charge, after Confederates drove the 71st Pennsylvania from the Angle, the 72nd advanced and came under heavy fire. The regiment remained in this position and suffered heavy losses. In 1888, the veterans of the 72nd requested permission to place a monument near the stone wall. After some controversy about the monument's placement, in was erected and remains one of the more evocative monuments on this part of the field.

91st Pennsylvania Monument – 50th Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg Then & Now

• Veterans of the 91st Pennsylvania infantry and friends pose for a photo in front of the regiment’s monument during the 50th Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg in July, 1913. Erected in 1889, the monument honors those from this regiment who fought and sacrificed their lives at Gettysburg. The regiment brought with it 258 men to the field—of those, 3 were killed and 16 were wounded.

ANNIVERSARY ATTENDEES LOUNGE ON THE PENNSYLVANIA MEMORIAL STAIRS Then & Now

• The Pennsylvania Memorial was dedicated in 1910 and stands 110 feet tall, making it the largest monument at Gettysburg. A spiral staircase inside the northwest column takes visitors to the top of the monument where a sweeping view of the battlefield can be seen. On the base and interior of the memorial are bronze tablets which list the regiments and batteries that fought at Gettysburg. There are also two statues on each side of the memorial—these include notable figures such

Abraham Brian Farm

• The home of Abraham Brian sits along the northern end of Cemetery Ridge. The area around the farm would become the scene of heavy fighting on July 3, 1863. Abraham Brian and his family were part of the African American community of Gettysburg. The family left their home when Confederate troops entered Pennsylvania, fearing capture and enslavement. Following the battle, they returned to find their home greatly damaged by war.

Battery L, 1st Ohio Artillery Monument

• This monument stands on the position of Battery L of the 1st Ohio Light Artillery who defended the northern slope of Little Round Top on July 2, 1863

Battery M, 2nd US Artillery Marker

• On the morning of July 3, this ground was occupied by a brigade of four Michigan regiments and a battery of horse artillery under the command of newly promoted Brig. Gen. George A. Custer.

Bivouac of the Dead Plaque

• This plaque is one of many dotted throughout the cemetery that contains lines from the poem, "Bivouac of the Dead."

CONFEDERATE “SHARPSHOOTER” IN ORIGINAL LOCATION NEAR DEVIL’S DEN Then & Now

• This photograph, taken by Alexander Gardner's assistant Timothy O'Sullivan, depicts a dead Confederate soldier at the likely location of his death on the western side of Devil’s Den. The body of this soldier would be moved by the photographers from this location to another one some 40 yards away, where he would become the subject of one of Gettysburg’s most indelible images.

Confederate Dead Near the Edge of the Rose Woods, Gardner Stereo #256 Then & Now

• Another image from Gardner and O’Sullivan’s Rose Woods series. By comparing the bodies, one can see that the first Then & Now photograph of the same group was taken just a few steps northeast of this photo, facing west. The photographers’ darkroom wagon can be seen in the background of the original photo.

Confederate Dead near Plum Run in the Slaughter Pen Then & Now

• This photograph depicts two dead Confederate soldiers in the Slaughter Pen. Years of weather and traffic have shifted some of the rocks in this area, but enough has remained unchanged that the location can be easily determined. The terms “Slaughter Pen” and “Devil’s Den” were often used interchangeably following the battle, making some photographs difficult to place based on title alone.

Confederate Dead near the Edge of the Rose Woods, Gardner Stereo #235 Then & Now

• Another image from Gardner and O’Sullivan’s Rose Woods series, this photograph depicts a group of Confederate dead gathered for burial. These men were likely from either Georgia or South Carolina regiments, which fought in and around the Rose Woods on July 2, 1863.

Confederate Dead near the Edge of the Rose Woods, Gardner Stereo #257 Then & Now

• This photo was one of a series of well-known photographs taken by Timothy O’Sullivan and Alexander Gardner on July 5 or 6, 1863, near the edge of the Rose Woods. The dead soldier nearest to boulder is lying in a shallow grave.

Confederate “Sharpshooter” near Devil’s Den, Gardner Stereo #263 Then & Now

• There were six separate images produced by Gardner and O’Sullivan of this “sharpshooter” on July 5 or 6, 1863. At a time when a single photograph required time and expensive materials to produce, there must have been something about this particular body which captured the photographers’ attention. Notably, the man’s youthful features and the lack of gore on the body present a somewhat sanitized and romanticized version of death at Gettysburg.

Cress Ridge

• From this commanding position on Cress Ridge, General Stuart prepared his cavalry and artillery to attack Gregg’s and Custer’s position. Stuart arranged his 19 regiments, numbering 5,000 in a line behind and to the northeast of Rummel’s Woods to keep them hidden from enemy scouts.

Culp's Hill Observation Tower

• From the top of the Culp’s Hill Observation Tower you can view most of the battlefield. To the north and west, across from town, is the First Day’s Battlefield. To the west and south is the United States position, from the Round Tops, up Cemetery Ridge, to Cemetery Hill and the Gettysburg National Cemetery, and into town. Across the field from Cemetery Ridge is the Confederate position at Seminary Ridge.

Cyclorama Focal Point Wayside Exhibit

• French artist Paul D. Philippoteaux visited the Gettysburg battlefield in the spring of 1882 and hired William Tipton, a local photographer, to shoot a series of landscape photographs from this location. The final painting, which depicts Pickett's Charge, is a monumental work that enabled people to envision the battle in an immersive environment. Today, the cyclorama is on display in the Gettysburg Museum and Visitor Center.

David Wills House

• The home of Gettysburg attorney David Wills was the center of the immense clean-up process after the Battle of Gettysburg and where President Lincoln put the finishing touches on his Gettysburg Address, the speech that transformed Gettysburg from a place of death and devastation to the symbol of our nation's "new birth of freedom."

Devil's Den

• Devil's Den illustrates how the geology and topography of the land itself profoundly influenced the battle. Devil's Den is a rock outcrop located between the main Federal and Confederate lines during the Battle of Gettysburg. The boulders here were hotly contested on July 2, 1863, when fighting swirled around this spot.

EVERGREEN CEMETERY GATEHOUSE Then & Now

• The Evergreen Cemetery Gatehouse, built in 1855, stands at the summit of Cemetery Hill. The house was used to shelter wounded and suffered damage from the fighting that raged in front of it on the evening of July 2. On the night of July 1, Elizabeth Thorn, wife of then-absent cemetery caretaker Peter Thorn, served supper to General Sickles, General Slocum and General Howard. Photographer Matthew Brady photographed the gate house approximately two weeks after the battle.

East Cemetery Hill

• At dusk on July 2, 1863, US forces repelled a Confederate assault that reached the crest of this hill. By day’s end, the Army of Northern Virginia had attacked both flanks of the Army of the Potomac, but did not break through the US lines.

Eisenhower National Historic Site

• Eisenhower National Historic Site preserves the farm of General and 34th President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Adjacent to the Gettysburg Battlefield, the farm served the president and first lady as a weekend retreat and as a meeting place for world leaders. With its peaceful setting and view of South Mountain, it was a respite from Washington, DC, and a backdrop for efforts to reduce Cold War tensions.

Electric Vehicle Charging Stations at Gettysburg

• This electric vehicle charging station located at the Gettysburg National Military Park Museum and Visitor Center is available for public use.

Eternal Light Peace Memorial

• The Eternal Light Peace Memorial sits atop Oak Hill on the First Day's Battlefield. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicated the memorial in 1938, on the 75th Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg.

Fortifications on Little Round Top Then & Now

• Little Round Top was not only a valuable defense point because of its height, but also because of its natural geography. The ‘mountain’, as some soldiers called it, was littered with large boulders which provided Union soldiers shelter from Confederate bullets. The three large boulders in this photograph would have given protection to the soldiers taking aim from behind them. Temporary stone walls would have been easy to build with the vast number of rocks nearby.

Gardner & O'Sullivan: Confederate “Sharpshooter” in Original Location near Devil’s Den Then & Now

• This photograph, taken by Alexander Gardner's assistant Timothy O'Sullivan, depicts a dead Confederate soldier at the likely location of his death on the western side of Devil’s Den. The body of this soldier would be moved by the photographers from this location to another one some 40 yards away, where he would become the subject of one of Gettysburg’s most indelible images.

General George Meade Equestrian Statue

• The equestrian statue of United States General George Gordon Meade, mounted on his favorite horse, “Old Baldy,” depicts the “quiet, resourceful commander” of the Army of the Potomac.

Gettysburg National Cemetery Entrance

• The Gettysburg National Cemetery is the final resting place for over 3,500 United States soldiers who lost their lives at the Battle of Gettysburg, as well as 3,307 post Civil-War United States soldiers and veterans. The cemetery is famous throughout the world as the site of Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, delivered at the cemetery’s dedication ceremony four and a half months after the battle.

Gouverneur K. Warren Monument – 50th Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg Then & Now

• General Gouverneur Kemble Warren was Chief Engineer of the Army of the Potomac at the Battle of Gettysburg. His monument stands on a large boulder at the summit of Little Round Top. Warren recognized how valuable Little Round Top was for the Union Army’s line on Cemetery Ridge, and discovering it unoccupied, directed Colonel Strong Vincent’s brigade to the hill’s defense followed later by General Stephen Weed’s brigade.

Grave of Charles Parker, Gettysburg National Cemetery Section 1

HOME OF BASIL BIGGS & FAMILY Then & Now

• Basil Biggs was a free African-American who made Gettysburg his home in 1858. With the approach of Confederate troops before the battle, Biggs, his wife Mary and their seven children, fled town. Biggs and his family returned soon after the battle ended and worked to repair damage to his property and that of John Fisher, whose farm on the Taneytwon Road would become Biggs’ home that fall. Biggs was hired to work the exhumation of Union dead from battlefield graves for burial.

High Water Mark Monument and Copse of Trees

High Water Mark of the Rebellion Monument Then & Now

• Dedicated in 1892, the High Water Mark of the Rebellion monument represents both the Union and Confederate units that took part in Pickett’s Charge on the third day of battle. It sits in front of the Copse of Trees on Cemetery Ridge.

In the Footsteps of the 4th Texas Infantry

Jimmie Pickett

Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area

• The Journey is a unique historic, natural and scenic region, with farms and orchards; woodlands and forests; rivers and streams; rolling hills and mountain views; and unspoiled landscapes that can be explored by car, bike, canoe, foot or on horseback The region is alive with vibrant historic downtowns, rich agriculture and an abundant bounty of wineries, inns and unique cultural events.

Lincoln Address Memorial

• The Lincoln Address Memorial commemorates the Gettysburg Address. It is one of the few memorials in the world dedicated to honor a speech. The bronze bust of Lincoln, by sculptor Henry Bush-Brown, reveals the heavy toll the war and the nation’s suffering had upon him. Inscribed in bronze on the right is the Gettysburg Address. On the left is the letter Lincoln received inviting him to speak at Gettysburg.

Little Round Top

• On July 2, 1863, US General Dan Sickles left Little Round Top open, exposing the Federal line along Cemetery Ridge to Confederate attack. Quick actions by Brigadier General Gouverneur K. Warren alerted US officers to the threat and brought reinforcements to defend this high ground. The fighting here on July 2 became some of the most famous of the Battle of Gettysburg.

Lutheran Theological Seminary Then & Now

• Built in 1832, the Gettysburg Lutheran Theological Seminary was the first Lutheran seminary in the country. Students studied for the ministry and religious education and continues to operate today. The ridge where the seminary was built would be named Seminary Ridge and this prominent location would become the jumping off point for thousands of Confederate soldiers throughout the battle. Schmucker Hall was used to house wounded from both armies during and after the battle.

Lydia Leister Farm: Meade's Headquarters

• This was the home of Lydia Leister and her four children in 1863. During the Battle of Gettysburg, US General George G. Meade established his headquarters here, and from this location coordinated the the Army of the Potomac's response to Confederate offenses on July 2 and 3, 1863. After the battle Mrs. Leister repaired the property and lived here until 1888.

McPherson Farm Then & Now

• The Edward McPherson Farm, which lies west of town, was the scene of heavy fighting on the first day of battle, July 1, 1863. While Confederate General Henry Heth’s Division advanced towards Gettysburg against defending Union cavalry commanded by General John Buford, Union reinforcements from General John Reynolds’ First Corps arrived. The fields swarmed with soldiers of opposing forces and the McPherson barn quickly became a sanctuary for the wounded.

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